98 TCP网络聊天室

98.1 支持多客户机的TCP服务器

98.1.1 完善功能

C:\Users\Minwei\Projects\Qt\TcpServer\tcpserverwindow.h：

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#ifndef TCPSERVERWINDOW_H
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#define TCPSERVERWINDOW_H
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#include <QMainWindow>
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#include <QLabel>
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#include <QTcpServer>
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#include <QTcpSocket>
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#include <QVector>
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QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
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namespace Ui { class TcpServerWindow; }
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QT_END_NAMESPACE
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class TcpServerWindow : public QMainWindow
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{
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    Q_OBJECT
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public:
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    TcpServerWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
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    ~TcpServerWindow();
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private slots:
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    void on_m_actListen_triggered();
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    void on_m_actClose_triggered();
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    void on_m_actClear_triggered();
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    void on_m_btnSend_clicked();
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    void on_m_server_newConnection();
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    void on_m_socket_readyRead();
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    void on_m_socket_disconnected();
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    void on_m_socket_stateChanged(
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        QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState);
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    void on_m_socket_error(
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        QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError);
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private:
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    void broadcast(QByteArray const& data);
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    Ui::TcpServerWindow *ui;
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    QLabel* m_labListenState;
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    QLabel* m_labSocketState;
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    QLabel* m_labSocketError;
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    QTcpServer* m_server;
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    QVector<QTcpSocket*> m_sockets;
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};
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#endif // TCPSERVERWINDOW_H

C:\Users\Minwei\Projects\Qt\TcpServer\tcpserverwindow.cpp：

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#include <QHostInfo>
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#include <QMetaEnum>
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#include "tcpserverwindow.h"
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#include "ui_tcpserverwindow.h"
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TcpServerWindow::TcpServerWindow(QWidget *parent)
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    : QMainWindow(parent)
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    , ui(new Ui::TcpServerWindow)
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    , m_labListenState(new QLabel("监听状态：关闭"))
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    , m_labSocketState(new QLabel(" 套接字状态："))
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    , m_labSocketError(new QLabel(" 套接字错误："))
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    , m_server(new QTcpServer(this))
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{
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    ui->setupUi(this);
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    for (QHostAddress address : QHostInfo::fromName(
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        QHostInfo::localHostName()).addresses())
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        if(address.protocol() == QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol)
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            ui->m_comboLocalAddr->addItem(address.toString());
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    m_labListenState->setMinimumWidth(196);
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    ui->m_statusBar->addWidget(m_labListenState);
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    m_labSocketState->setMinimumWidth(197);
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    ui->m_statusBar->addWidget(m_labSocketState);
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    m_labSocketError->setMinimumWidth(197);
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    ui->m_statusBar->addWidget(m_labSocketError);
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    connect(m_server, SIGNAL(newConnection()),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_server_newConnection()));
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}
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TcpServerWindow::~TcpServerWindow()
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{
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    delete ui;
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_actListen_triggered()
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{
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    QHostAddress address(ui->m_comboLocalAddr->currentText());
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    quint16 port = ui->m_editLocalPort->text().toUShort();
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    if (m_server->listen(address, port))
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    {
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        ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("监听%1:%2成功").
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            arg(address.toString()).arg(port));
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        m_labListenState->setText(QString("监听状态：%1:%2").
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            arg(address.toString()).arg(port));
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    }
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    else
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        ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("监听%1:%2失败").
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            arg(address.toString()).arg(port));
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_actClose_triggered()
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{
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    m_server->close();
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    ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText("关闭监听");
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    m_labListenState->setText("监听状态：关闭");
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_actClear_triggered()
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{
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    ui->m_editOutput->clear();
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_btnSend_clicked()
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{
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    broadcast((ui->m_editSend->text() + "\n").toUtf8());
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_server_newConnection()
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{
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    QTcpSocket* socket = m_server->nextPendingConnection();
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(readyRead()),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_readyRead()));
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(disconnected()),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_disconnected()));
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)));
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)));
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    ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("接受%1:%2连接").
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        arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()));
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    m_sockets.push_back(socket);
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    ui->m_btnSend->setEnabled(!m_sockets.isEmpty());
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_readyRead()
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{
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    QTcpSocket* socket = (QTcpSocket*)sender();
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    while (socket->canReadLine())
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    {
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        QByteArray data = socket->readLine();
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        ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("从%1:%2接收%3字节：%4").
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            arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()).
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            arg(data.size()).arg(QString(data).trimmed()));
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    }
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_disconnected()
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{
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    QTcpSocket* socket = (QTcpSocket*)sender();
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112
    m_sockets.removeOne(socket);
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    ui->m_btnSend->setEnabled(!m_sockets.isEmpty());
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    ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("断开%1:%2连接").
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        arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()));
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118
    socket->deleteLater();
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_stateChanged(
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    QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)
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{
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    m_labSocketState->setText(QString(" 套接字状态：%1").arg(
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        QMetaEnum::fromType<QAbstractSocket::SocketState>().
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        valueToKey(socketState)));
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_error(
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    QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError)
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{
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    m_labSocketError->setText(QString(" 套接字错误：%1").arg(
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        QMetaEnum::fromType<QAbstractSocket::SocketError>().
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        valueToKey(socketError)));
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::broadcast(QByteArray const& data)
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{
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    for (QTcpSocket* socket : m_sockets)
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    {
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        qint64 nbytes = socket->write(data);
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        if (nbytes == -1)
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            ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText("发送失败");
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        else
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            ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("向%1:%2发送%3字节：%4").
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                arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()).
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                arg(nbytes).arg(QString(data).trimmed()));
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    }
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}

98.1.2 测试验证

运行效果如图所示：

98.2 升级为聊天室服务器

98.2.1 升级功能

C:\Users\Minwei\Projects\Qt\TcpServer\tcpserverwindow.cpp：

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#include <QHostInfo>
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#include <QMetaEnum>
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#include "tcpserverwindow.h"
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#include "ui_tcpserverwindow.h"
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TcpServerWindow::TcpServerWindow(QWidget *parent)
8
    : QMainWindow(parent)
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    , ui(new Ui::TcpServerWindow)
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    , m_labListenState(new QLabel("监听状态：关闭"))
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    , m_labSocketState(new QLabel(" 套接字状态："))
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    , m_labSocketError(new QLabel(" 套接字错误："))
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    , m_server(new QTcpServer(this))
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{
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    ui->setupUi(this);
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    for (QHostAddress address : QHostInfo::fromName(
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        QHostInfo::localHostName()).addresses())
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        if(address.protocol() == QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol)
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            ui->m_comboLocalAddr->addItem(address.toString());
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    m_labListenState->setMinimumWidth(196);
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    ui->m_statusBar->addWidget(m_labListenState);
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    m_labSocketState->setMinimumWidth(197);
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    ui->m_statusBar->addWidget(m_labSocketState);
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    m_labSocketError->setMinimumWidth(197);
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    ui->m_statusBar->addWidget(m_labSocketError);
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    connect(m_server, SIGNAL(newConnection()),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_server_newConnection()));
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}
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TcpServerWindow::~TcpServerWindow()
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{
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    delete ui;
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_actListen_triggered()
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{
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    QHostAddress address(ui->m_comboLocalAddr->currentText());
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    quint16 port = ui->m_editLocalPort->text().toUShort();
42

43
    if (m_server->listen(address, port))
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    {
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        ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("监听%1:%2成功").
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            arg(address.toString()).arg(port));
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        m_labListenState->setText(QString("监听状态：%1:%2").
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            arg(address.toString()).arg(port));
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    }
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    else
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        ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("监听%1:%2失败").
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            arg(address.toString()).arg(port));
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_actClose_triggered()
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{
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    m_server->close();
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59
    ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText("关闭监听");
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    m_labListenState->setText("监听状态：关闭");
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_actClear_triggered()
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{
65
    ui->m_editOutput->clear();
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_btnSend_clicked()
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{
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    broadcast((ui->m_editSend->text() + "\n").toUtf8());
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}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_server_newConnection()
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{
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    QTcpSocket* socket = m_server->nextPendingConnection();
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(readyRead()),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_readyRead()));
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(disconnected()),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_disconnected()));
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)));
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    connect(socket, SIGNAL(error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)),
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        this, SLOT(on_m_socket_error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)));
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    ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("接受%1:%2连接").
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        arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()));
89

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    m_sockets.push_back(socket);
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    ui->m_btnSend->setEnabled(!m_sockets.isEmpty());
92
}
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void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_readyRead()
95
{
96
    QTcpSocket* socket = (QTcpSocket*)sender();
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98
    while (socket->canReadLine())
99
    {
100
        QByteArray data = socket->readLine();
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        ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("从%1:%2接收%3字节：%4").
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            arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()).
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            arg(data.size()).arg(QString(data).trimmed()));
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106
        broadcast(data);
107
    }
108
}
109

110
void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_disconnected()
111
{
112
    QTcpSocket* socket = (QTcpSocket*)sender();
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114
    m_sockets.removeOne(socket);
115
    ui->m_btnSend->setEnabled(!m_sockets.isEmpty());
116

117
    ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("断开%1:%2连接").
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        arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()));
119

120
    socket->deleteLater();
121
}
122

123
void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_stateChanged(
124
    QAbstractSocket::SocketState socketState)
125
{
126
    m_labSocketState->setText(QString(" 套接字状态：%1").arg(
127
        QMetaEnum::fromType<QAbstractSocket::SocketState>().
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        valueToKey(socketState)));
129
}
130

131
void TcpServerWindow::on_m_socket_error(
132
    QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError)
133
{
134
    m_labSocketError->setText(QString(" 套接字错误：%1").arg(
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        QMetaEnum::fromType<QAbstractSocket::SocketError>().
136
        valueToKey(socketError)));
137
}
138

139
void TcpServerWindow::broadcast(QByteArray const& data)
140
{
141
    for (QTcpSocket* socket : m_sockets)
142
    {
143
        qint64 nbytes = socket->write(data);
144

145
        if (nbytes == -1)
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            ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText("发送失败");
147
        else
148
            ui->m_editOutput->appendPlainText(QString("向%1:%2发送%3字节：%4").
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                arg(socket->peerAddress().toString()).arg(socket->peerPort()).
150
                arg(nbytes).arg(QString(data).trimmed()));
151
    }
152
}

98.2.2 测试验证

运行效果如图所示：